新媒体运营具体做哪个(新媒体运营具体做哪个岗位)

内容来源：他家真能上更新时间：2023-05-29 23:33:55

你是不是想了解新媒体运营具体做哪个的相关内容，下方文本框内是根据关键词新媒体运营具体做哪个生成的详细文字解说内容。在文本框下方还有跟新媒体运营具体做哪个相关的素材（来自互联网，禁止商用）、相关话题（来自访客喜好数据）、相关热点（来自24小时内全网热点智能聚合），希望这些内容都可以帮到你。

您的运行环境禁止了JavaScript的执行，请开启后重新打开该页面！新媒体运营的发展历史是什么？-猫咪很慢180113-简书var_hmt=_hmt||[];(function(){varhm=document.createElement("script");hm.src="//hm.baidu.com/hm.js?0c0e9d9b1e7d617b3e6842e85b9fb068";vars=document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];s.parentNode.insertBefore(hm,s)})();(function(){varbp=document.createElement('script');varcurProtocol=window.location.protocol.split(':')[0];if(curProtocol==='https'){bp.src='https://zz.bdstatic.com/linksubmit/push.js'}else{bp.src='http://push.zhanzhang.baidu.com/push.js'}vars=document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];s.parentNode.insertBefore(bp,s)})();document.write(unescape("%3Cspanstyle='display:none'id='cnzz_stat_icon_1279807957'%3E%3C/span%3E%3Cscriptsrc='https://v1.cnzz.com/z_stat.php%3Fid%3D1279807957'type='text/javascript'%3E%3C/script%3E"));{"title":"新媒体运营的发展历史是什么？","description":"什么是新媒体运营？下图是百度百科对新媒体运营的解释。除了百度百科对新媒体运营的定义，还有一种描述就是：新媒体运营指的是内容，活动，产品和用户运营的四大模块的总称。新媒体...","imageUrl":"https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/8766673-255b35c4e56679f9.png"}#layout-default{min-height:100vh;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-box-direction:normal;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column}#layout-default>.main-view{-webkit-box-flex:1;-webkit-flex-grow:1;-ms-flex-positive:1;flex-grow:1;padding-left:18px;padding-right:18px}.header-wrap#jianshu-header[data-v-b8360f46]{z-index:10;position:fixed;left:0;right:0;padding:3px18px;font-size:0;background-color:#fff}body.reader-night-mode.header-wrap#jianshu-header[data-v-b8360f46]{background-color:#3f3f3f}.header-wrap#jianshu-header.header-normal[data-v-b8360f46]{top:0;-webkit-box-shadow:02px4pxrgba(0,0,0,.1);box-shadow:02px4pxrgba(0,0,0,.1);height:48px}.header-wrap#jianshu-header.header-wechat[data-v-b8360f46]{bottom:0;-webkit-box-shadow:0-2px4pxrgba(0,0,0,.1);box-shadow:0-2px4pxrgba(0,0,0,.1);padding-bottom:-webkit-calc(3px+env(safe-area-inset-bottom));padding-bottom:calc(3px+env(safe-area-inset-bottom));padding-bottom:-webkit-calc(3px+constant(safe-area-inset-bottom));padding-bottom:calc(3px+constant(safe-area-inset-bottom))}.header-wrap#jianshu-header.from-baidu[data-v-b8360f46]{position:static;margin-bottom:4px}.header-wrap#jianshu-header.logo-wrap[data-v-b8360f46]{height:100%;float:left}.header-wrap#jianshu-header.logo[data-v-b8360f46]{height:100%;vertical-align:middle}.header-wrap#jianshu-header.slogan[data-v-b8360f46]{line-height:20px;vertical-align:middle;margin-left:12px;display:inline-block;font-size:16px;color:#333}body.reader-night-mode.header-wrap#jianshu-header.slogan[data-v-b8360f46]{color:#c8c8c8}.header-wrap#jianshu-header.slogan.slogan-title[data-v-b8360f46]{font-size:16px;line-height:20px;margin-top:2px;max-width:120px;color:#333}body.reader-night-mode.header-wrap#jianshu-header.slogan.slogan-title[data-v-b8360f46]{color:#c8c8c8}.header-wrap#jianshu-header.slogan.slogan-sub-title[data-v-b8360f46]{font-size:12px;color:#999}.header-wrap#jianshu-header.header-download[data-v-b8360f46]{position:absolute;padding:8px15px;right:0;top:0;font-size:16px;color:#ea6f5a}.header-wrap#jianshu-header.header-downloadbutton[data-v-b8360f46]{color:#fff;background-color:#ea6f5a;width:92px;height:32px;border-radius:16px;font-size:15px}.header-wrap#jianshu-header.collection-avatar[data-v-b8360f46]{width:54px;height:54px;border-radius:10%;margin-top:-18px;vertical-align:middle}.header-wrap#jianshu-header.user-avatar[data-v-b8360f46]{width:54px;height:54px;border-radius:50%;margin-top:-18px;vertical-align:middle}.header-wrap.header-shim[data-v-b8360f46]{height:52px}#note-show.article-info.info:after,#note-show.article-info.info:before{content:"";clear:both;display:table}#note-show.book.content,#note-show.book.contentblockquote,#note-show.book.contentol,#note-show.book.contentp,#note-show.book.contentpre,#note-show.book.contentul,#note-show.book.title,#note-show.note.content,#note-show.note.contentblockquote,#note-show.note.contentol,#note-show.note.contentp,#note-show.note.contentpre,#note-show.note.contentul,#note-show.note.title{word-break:break-word!important;word-break:break-all}.fubiao-dialog{position:fixed;top:auto!important;bottom:100px!important;right:30px!important;width:66px;height:66px;z-index:999999;-webkit-background-size:100%100%;background-size:100%}@-webkit-keyframesscale2{0%{-webkit-transform:scale(.6);transform:scale(.6)}50%{-webkit-transform:scale(1);transform:scale(1)}to{-webkit-transform:scale(.6);transform:scale(.6)}}@keyframesscale2{0%{-webkit-transform:scale(.6);transform:scale(.6)}50%{-webkit-transform:scale(1);transform:scale(1)}to{-webkit-transform:scale(.6);transform:scale(.6)}}#note-locked{min-height:90vh;padding-left:0!important;padding-right:0!important}#note-locked.logo{position:absolute;height:48px;left:10px;top:10px}#note-locked.error-main{position:absolute;text-align:center;top:50%;left:50%;width:80%;-webkit-transform:translate(-50%,-50%);-ms-transform:translate(-50%,-50%);transform:translate(-50%,-50%)}#note-locked.error-mainimg{width:180px}#note-locked.error-mainh3{margin:20px0;font-weight:700;color:#333}body.reader-night-mode#note-locked.error-mainh3{color:#c8c8c8}#note-locked.error-main.subtitle{margin-bottom:20px;font-size:14px;color:#333}body.reader-night-mode#note-locked.error-main.subtitle{color:#c8c8c8}#note-locked.error-maina{color:#3194d0}#note-show.book.title,#note-show.note.title{margin:15px0;font-size:30px;font-weight:700;font-family:-apple-system,SFUIDisplay,Arial,PingFangSC,HiraginoSansGB,MicrosoftYaHei,WenQuanYiMicroHei,sans-serif;line-height:1.4;color:#2f2f2f}body.reader-night-mode#note-show.book.title,body.reader-night-mode#note-show.note.title{color:#c8c8c8}#note-show.book.content,#note-show.note.content{font-size:16px;font-weight:400;line-height:1.7;color:#2f2f2f}body.reader-night-mode#note-show.book.content,body.reader-night-mode#note-show.note.content{color:#c8c8c8}#note-show.book.contentp,#note-show.note.contentp{margin:0025px}#note-show.book.contentlip,#note-show.note.contentlip{overflow:visible}#note-show.book.contenta,#note-show.book.contenta.active,#note-show.book.contenta:active,#note-show.book.contenta:focus,#note-show.note.contenta,#note-show.note.contenta.active,#note-show.note.contenta:active,#note-show.note.contenta:focus{color:#3194d0}#note-show.book.contenta.disabled,#note-show.book.contenta.disabled.active,#note-show.book.contenta.disabled:active,#note-show.book.contenta.disabled:focus,#note-show.book.contenta.disabled:hover,#note-show.book.contenta[disabled],#note-show.book.contenta[disabled].active,#note-show.book.contenta[disabled]:active,#note-show.book.contenta[disabled]:focus,#note-show.book.contenta[disabled]:hover,#note-show.note.contenta.disabled,#note-show.note.contenta.disabled.active,#note-show.note.contenta.disabled:active,#note-show.note.contenta.disabled:focus,#note-show.note.contenta.disabled:hover,#note-show.note.contenta[disabled],#note-show.note.contenta[disabled].active,#note-show.note.contenta[disabled]:active,#note-show.note.contenta[disabled]:focus,#note-show.note.contenta[disabled]:hover{cursor:not-allowed;color:#f5f5f5}#note-show.book.contenthr,#note-show.note.contenthr{margin:0020px;border-top:1pxsolid#ddd;height:0!important}#note-show.book.contenth1,#note-show.book.contenth2,#note-show.book.contenth3,#note-show.book.contenth4,#note-show.book.contenth5,#note-show.book.contenth6,#note-show.note.contenth1,#note-show.note.contenth2,#note-show.note.contenth3,#note-show.note.contenth4,#note-show.note.contenth5,#note-show.note.contenth6{margin:0015px;font-weight:700;line-height:1.7;text-rendering:optimizelegibility;color:#2f2f2f}body.reader-night-mode#note-show.book.contenth1,body.reader-night-mode#note-show.book.contenth2,body.reader-night-mode#note-show.book.contenth3,body.reader-night-mode#note-show.book.contenth4,body.reader-night-mode#note-show.book.contenth5,body.reader-night-mode#note-show.book.contenth6,body.reader-night-mode#note-show.note.contenth1,body.reader-night-mode#note-show.note.contenth2,body.reader-night-mode#note-show.note.contenth3,body.reader-night-mode#note-show.note.contenth4,body.reader-night-mode#note-show.note.contenth5,body.reader-night-mode#note-show.note.contenth6{color:#c8c8c8}#note-show.book.contenth1,#note-show.note.contenth1{font-size:26px}#note-show.book.contenth2,#note-show.note.contenth2{font-size:24px}#note-show.book.contenth3,#note-show.note.contenth3{font-size:22px}#note-show.book.contenth4,#note-show.note.contenth4{font-size:20px}#note-show.book.contenth5,#note-show.note.contenth5{font-size:18px}#note-show.book.contenth6,#note-show.note.contenth6{font-size:16px}#note-show.book.contentimg,#note-show.note.contentimg{max-width:100%}#note-show.book.contentblockquote,#note-show.note.contentblockquote{padding:20px;margin-bottom:25px;border-left:6pxsolid;line-height:30px;border-color:#b4b4b4;background-color:#f7f7f7}body.reader-night-mode#note-show.book.contentblockquote,body.reader-night-mode#note-show.note.contentblockquote{border-color:#222;background-color:#555}#note-show.book.contentblockquotep,#note-show.note.contentblockquotep{font-weight:400;line-height:1.7}#note-show.book.contentblockquote.image-package,#note-show.note.contentblockquote.image-package{margin-left:0;margin-right:0}#note-show.book.contentblockquoteh1:last-child,#note-show.book.contentblockquoteh2:last-child,#note-show.book.contentblockquoteh3:last-child,#note-show.book.contentblockquoteh4:last-child,#note-show.book.contentblockquoteh5:last-child,#note-show.book.contentblockquoteh6:last-child,#note-show.book.contentblockquoteli:last-child,#note-show.book.contentblockquoteol:last-child,#note-show.book.contentblockquotep:last-child,#note-show.book.contentblockquoteul:last-child,#note-show.note.contentblockquoteh1:last-child,#note-show.note.contentblockquoteh2:last-child,#note-show.note.contentblockquoteh3:last-child,#note-show.note.contentblockquoteh4:last-child,#note-show.note.contentblockquoteh5:last-child,#note-show.note.contentblockquoteh6:last-child,#note-show.note.contentblockquoteli:last-child,#note-show.note.contentblockquoteol:last-child,#note-show.note.contentblockquotep:last-child,#note-show.note.contentblockquoteul:last-child{margin-bottom:0}#note-show.book.contentol,#note-show.book.contentul,#note-show.note.contentol,#note-show.note.contentul{padding:0;margin:-5px020px20px}#note-show.book.contentolli,#note-show.book.contentulli,#note-show.note.contentolli,#note-show.note.contentulli{line-height:30px}#note-show.book.contentolliol,#note-show.book.contentolliul,#note-show.book.contentulliol,#note-show.book.contentulliul,#note-show.note.contentolliol,#note-show.note.contentolliul,#note-show.note.contentulliol,#note-show.note.contentulliul{margin-top:15px}#note-show.book.contentol.image-package,#note-show.book.contentul.image-package,#note-show.note.contentol.image-package,#note-show.note.contentul.image-package{margin:10px025px!important}#note-show.book.contentpre,#note-show.note.contentpre{padding:15px;margin-bottom:20px;word-wrap:normal;white-space:pre;overflow:auto;border:1pxsolid;border-color:#ccc;border-radius:4px}body.reader-night-mode#note-show.book.contentpre,body.reader-night-mode#note-show.note.contentpre{border-color:#1e1e1e;background-color:#282828;color:#839496}#note-show.book.contentprecode,#note-show.note.contentprecode{padding:0;background-color:transparent;white-space:pre;color:inherit}#note-show.book.contentcode,#note-show.note.contentcode{padding:2px4px;margin:2px;font-size:12px;white-space:pre-wrap;position:relative;vertical-align:middle;border-radius:4px;color:#c7254e;background-color:#f6f6f6}body.reader-night-mode#note-show.book.contentcode,body.reader-night-mode#note-show.note.contentcode{color:#abb2bf;background-color:#282828}#note-show.book.contenttable,#note-show.note.contenttable{width:100%;margin-bottom:20px;border:1pxsolid#ddd;border-collapse:collapse;border-left:none}#note-show.book.contenttabletr:nth-of-type(2n),#note-show.note.contenttabletr:nth-of-type(2n){background-color:hsla(0,0%,71%,.1)}#note-show.book.contenttabletheadth,#note-show.note.contenttabletheadth{vertical-align:middle;text-align:inherit}#note-show.book.contenttabletd,#note-show.book.contenttableth,#note-show.note.contenttabletd,#note-show.note.contenttableth{padding:8px;border:1pxsolid;line-height:20px;vertical-align:middle;border-color:#ddd}body.reader-night-mode#note-show.book.contenttabletd,body.reader-night-mode#note-show.book.contenttableth,body.reader-night-mode#note-show.note.contenttabletd,body.reader-night-mode#note-show.note.contenttableth{border-color:#2f2f2f}#note-show.book.contenttableth,#note-show.note.contenttableth{font-weight:700}#note-show.book.contenttable.image-package,#note-show.note.contenttable.image-package{margin-left:0;margin-right:0}#note-show.book.content.image-package,#note-show.note.content.image-package{margin:0025px;text-align:center}#note-show.book.content.image-packageimg,#note-show.note.content.image-packageimg{max-width:100%;height:auto;vertical-align:middle;border:0;-webkit-transition:all.25sease-in-out;-o-transition:all.25sease-in-out;transition:all.25sease-in-out}body.reader-night-mode#note-show.book.content.image-packageimg,body.reader-night-mode#note-show.note.content.image-packageimg{opacity:.85}#note-show.book.content.image-package.image-container,#note-show.note.content.image-package.image-container{z-index:1;position:relative;-webkit-transition:background-color.1slinear;-o-transition:background-color.1slinear;transition:background-color.1slinear;margin:0auto;background-color:#eee}body.reader-night-mode#note-show.book.content.image-package.image-container,body.reader-night-mode#note-show.note.content.image-package.image-container{background-color:#545454}#note-show.book.content.image-package.image-container.image-container-fill,#note-show.note.content.image-package.image-container.image-container-fill{z-index:50}#note-show.book.content.image-package.image-container.image-view,#note-show.note.content.image-package.image-container.image-view{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;overflow:hidden}#note-show.book.content.image-package.image-container.image-viewimg.image-loading,#note-show.note.content.image-package.image-container.image-viewimg.image-loading{opacity:.3}#note-show.book.content.image-package.image-container.image-viewimg,#note-show.note.content.image-package.image-container.image-viewimg{-webkit-transition:all.15slinear;-o-transition:all.15slinear;transition:all.15slinear;z-index:1;opacity:1}#note-show.book.content.image-package.image-caption,#note-show.note.content.image-package.image-caption{min-width:20%;max-width:80%;min-height:22px;display:inline-block;padding:10px10px6px;margin:0auto;border-bottom:1pxsolid;color:#969696;font-size:14px;line-height:1.7;border-color:#d9d9d9}body.reader-night-mode#note-show.book.content.image-package.image-caption,body.reader-night-mode#note-show.note.content.image-package.image-caption{border-color:#2f2f2f}#note-show.book.content.image-package.image-caption:empty,#note-show.note.content.image-package.image-caption:empty{display:none}#note-show.book.content.video-package,#note-show.note.content.video-package{position:relative;margin:-20pxauto20px;text-align:center}#note-show.book.content.video-package.video-placeholder-area,#note-show.note.content.video-package.video-placeholder-area{position:relative;width:100%;display:inline-block;height:110px;padding:10px;padding-left:120px;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;-moz-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box;border:1pxsolid;background-color:hsla(0,0%,71%,.1);text-align:left;cursor:pointer;color:#333;border-color:#d9d9d9}body.reader-night-mode#note-show.book.content.video-package.video-placeholder-area,body.reader-night-mode#note-show.note.content.video-package.video-placeholder-area{color:#c8c8c8;border-color:#2f2f2f}#note-show.book.content.video-package.video-placeholder-area:after,#note-show.note.content.video-package.video-placeholder-area:after{content:"";position:absolute;top:-1px;left:-1px;display:block;width:110px;height:110px;color:#333;background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.3);background-image:url(//cdn2.jianshu.io/asimov/src/assets/image/note/play-btn.c4bc06b9.png);background-position:30px;-webkit-background-size:50px50px;background-size:50px;background-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-transition:all.1slinear;-o-transition:alllinear.1s;transition:all.1slinear}#note-show.book.content.video-package.video-placeholder-area:hover:after,#note-show.note.content.video-package.video-placeholder-area:hover:after{background-color:transparent}#note-show.book.content.video-package.video-placeholder-area.video-cover,#note-show.note.content.video-package.video-placeholder-area.video-cover{position:absolute;top:-1px;left:-1px;display:block;width:110px;height:110px;opacity:.8;-webkit-transition:opacity.1slinear;-o-transition:opacitylinear.1s;transition:opacity.1slinear}#note-show.book.content.video-package.video-description,#note-show.note.content.video-package.video-description{min-width:20%;min-height:22px;display:none;padding:10px;margin:0auto;border-bottom:1pxsolid#d9d9d9;font-size:13px;color:#999;font-style:italic;line-height:1.7}#note-show.book.content.video-package.video-description:empty,#note-show.note.content.video-package.video-description:empty{display:none}#note-show.book.content.video-package.video-descriptionp,#note-show.note.content.video-package.video-descriptionp{margin:0}#note-show.book.content.video-package.video-close-button,#note-show.book.content.video-package.video-provider-button,#note-show.note.content.video-package.video-close-button,#note-show.note.content.video-package.video-provider-button{text-align:left;font-size:14px;padding:0;line-height:14px;cursor:pointer;-webkit-transition:opacity.1slinear;-o-transition:opacitylinear.1s;transition:opacity.1slinear}#note-show.book.content.video-package.video-close-buttoni,#note-show.book.content.video-package.video-provider-buttoni,#note-show.note.content.video-package.video-close-buttoni,#note-show.note.content.video-package.video-provider-buttoni{position:relative;top:1px}#note-show.book.content.video-package.video-provider-button,#note-show.note.content.video-package.video-provider-button{float:right}#note-show.book.content.math-block,#note-show.note.content.math-block{display:block;margin:0auto}body.reader-night-mode#note-show.book.content.math-block,body.reader-night-mode#note-show.note.content.math-block{-webkit-filter:invert(1);filter:invert(1)}#note-show.book.content.math-inline,#note-show.note.content.math-inline{vertical-align:top}body.reader-night-mode#note-show.book.content.math-inline,body.reader-night-mode#note-show.note.content.math-inline{-webkit-filter:invert(1);filter:invert(1)}#note-show.book.show-content-paid,#note-show.note.show-content-paid{-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none;user-select:none}#note-show.book.ios-styleolli,#note-show.book.ios-stylepre,#note-show.book.ios-styleulli,#note-show.note.ios-styleolli,#note-show.note.ios-stylepre,#note-show.note.ios-styleulli{word-break:break-all}#note-show.hljs{display:block;overflow-x:auto;padding:.5em;color:#abb2bf;background:#282c34}#note-show.hljs-comment,#note-show.hljs-quote{color:#5c6370;font-style:italic}#note-show.hljs-doctag,#note-show.hljs-formula,#note-show.hljs-keyword{color:#c678dd}#note-show.hljs-deletion,#note-show.hljs-name,#note-show.hljs-section,#note-show.hljs-selector-tag,#note-show.hljs-subst{color:#e06c75}#note-show.hljs-literal{color:#56b6c2}#note-show.hljs-addition,#note-show.hljs-attribute,#note-show.hljs-meta-string,#note-show.hljs-regexp,#note-show.hljs-string{color:#98c379}#note-show.hljs-built_in,#note-show.hljs-class.hljs-title{color:#e6c07b}#note-show.hljs-attr,#note-show.hljs-number,#note-show.hljs-selector-attr,#note-show.hljs-selector-class,#note-show.hljs-selector-pseudo,#note-show.hljs-template-variable,#note-show.hljs-type,#note-show.hljs-variable{color:#d19a66}#note-show.hljs-bullet,#note-show.hljs-link,#note-show.hljs-meta,#note-show.hljs-selector-id,#note-show.hljs-symbol,#note-show.hljs-title{color:#61aeee}#note-show.hljs-emphasis{font-style:italic}#note-show.hljs-strong{font-weight:700}#note-show.hljs-link{text-decoration:underline}#note-show.ic-icon_jewel{color:#ea6f5a;margin-right:3px;font-size:16px}#note-show.book-nav{padding-left:18px;padding-right:18px;vertical-align:middle;position:fixed;left:0;top:0;width:100%;height:46px;border-bottom:1pxsolid;z-index:11;background-color:#fff;border-color:#f0f0f0}body.reader-night-mode#note-show.book-nav{background-color:#3f3f3f;border-color:#2f2f2f}#note-show.book-nav.cover{width:17px;height:23px;vertical-align:middle;margin-top:11px;margin-right:5px;float:left}#note-show.book-navspan{display:block;margin-top:12px}#note-show.book-nav.name{margin-left:7px;font-size:14px;color:#333}body.reader-night-mode#note-show.book-nav.name{color:#c8c8c8}#note-show.book-nav.number{font-size:14px;color:#999;margin-left:5px;float:right}#note-show.book-nav.book-info{display:block;overflow:hidden;margin-right:60px}#note-show.book-nav.open-chapter{float:right;font-size:14px;padding-top:15px;color:#333}body.reader-night-mode#note-show.book-nav.open-chapter{color:#c8c8c8}#note-show.book{padding-top:52px}#note-show.article-info{margin-bottom:20px;font-size:13px;color:#b1b1b1}#note-show.article-info.info{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-orient:horizontal;-webkit-box-direction:normal;-webkit-flex-direction:row;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;-webkit-box-pack:start;-webkit-justify-content:flex-start;-ms-flex-pack:start;justify-content:flex-start;-webkit-box-align:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center}#note-show.article-info.info.user-avatar{width:34px;height:34px;border-radius:17px;float:left;margin-right:5px}#note-show.article-info.info.user-content{overflow:hidden}#note-show.article-info.info.user-content.user-nickname{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-orient:horizontal;-webkit-box-direction:normal;-webkit-flex-direction:row;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;-webkit-box-align:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center}#note-show.article-info.info.user-content.user-nickname.nickname{overflow:hidden;margin-right:5px}#note-show.article-info.info.user-content.user-nickname.nicknamep{font-size:16px;font-weight:700;line-height:16px;color:#484848}body.reader-night-mode#note-show.article-info.info.user-content.user-nickname.nicknamep{color:#c8c8c8}#note-show.article-info.info.user-content.user-nickname.badge{color:#333;vertical-align:middle}body.reader-night-mode#note-show.article-info.info.user-content.user-nickname.badge{color:#c8c8c8}#note-show.article-info.info.user-content.user-nickname.badgeimg{width:20px;height:20px;vertical-align:middle}#note-show.article-info.info.user-content.user-nickname.label{padding:1px2px;font-size:12px;color:#ea6f5a;border-radius:3px;vertical-align:middle;position:relative}#note-show.article-info.info.user-content.user-nickname.label:after{content:"";position:absolute;top:0;left:0;border:1pxsolid#ea6f5a;width:200%;height:200%;-webkit-transform:scale(.5);-ms-transform:scale(.5);transform:scale(.5);-webkit-transform-origin:lefttop;-ms-transform-origin:lefttop;transform-origin:lefttop;border-radius:3px}#note-show.article-info.info.user-content.user-nickname.badge-item{-webkit-flex-shrink:0;-ms-flex-negative:0;flex-shrink:0}#note-show.article-info.meta{margin-top:10px;overflow:hidden}#note-show.article-info.metabutton,#note-show.article-info.metai,#note-show.article-info.metaspan{vertical-align:middle}#note-show.article-info.metaspan{margin-right:10px}#note-show.article-info.meta.reader-mode-public{display:inline-block;float:right}@media(max-width:350px){#note-show.article-info.meta.reader-mode-publicspan{font-size:0}}#note-show.article-info.app-open{margin:0;color:#b1b1b1!important}#note-show.article-info.app-openi{font-size:13px}#note-show.content.show-content-free.collapse-free-content{position:relative;height:1000px;overflow:hidden;padding-left:18px;padding-right:18px;margin-left:-18px;margin-right:-18px}#note-show.content.show-content-free.collapse-free-content:after{content:"";position:absolute;left:0;bottom:-1px;width:100%;height:100px;background-image:-webkit-gradient(linear,leftbottom,lefttop,from(#fff),to(hsla(0,0%,100%,0)));background-image:-webkit-linear-gradient(bottom,#fff,hsla(0,0%,100%,0));background-image:-o-linear-gradient(bottom,#fff,hsla(0,0%,100%,0));background-image:linear-gradient(0deg,#fff,hsla(0,0%,100%,0));z-index:1}body.reader-night-mode#note-show.content.show-content-free.collapse-free-content:after{background-image:-webkit-gradient(linear,leftbottom,lefttop,from(#3f3f3f),to(rgba(63,63,63,0)));background-image:-webkit-linear-gradient(bottom,#3f3f3f,rgba(63,63,63,0));background-image:-o-linear-gradient(bottom,#3f3f3f,rgba(63,63,63,0));background-image:linear-gradient(0deg,#3f3f3f,rgba(63,63,63,0))}#note-show.content.show-content-free.copyright{font-size:13px;color:hsla(0,0%,59%,.4);position:relative;line-height:40px;margin-top:20px}#note-show.content.show-content-free.copyright:before{content:"";display:block;width:40px;height:1px;background-color:#ddd;left:0;top:0}#note-show.content.show-content-free.note-content{width:100%;height:100%}#note-show.content.show-content-free.collapse-tips{text-align:center}#note-show.content.show-content-free.collapse-tips.baidu-close-collapse-btn{color:#ea6f5a;font-size:14px;font-weight:500;margin-top:16px}#note-show.content.show-content-free.collapse-tips.close-collapse-btn{color:#ea6f5a;width:100%;display:block}#note-show.content.show-content-free.collapse-tips.open-app-btn{margin-top:15px;margin-bottom:25px;background-color:#ea6f5a;color:#fff;text-align:center;width:240px;height:45px;padding:10px30px;font-size:16px;border-radius:23px}#note-show.book-chapter{margin:50px020px;border-radius:6px;overflow:hidden;height:82px;border:1pxsolid;font-size:0;position:relative;background-color:#f5f5f5;border-color:#e5e5e5}body.reader-night-mode#note-show.book-chapter{background-color:#545454;border-color:#2f2f2f}#note-show.book-chapter.chapter-item{display:inline-block;width:100%;height:100%;position:relative}#note-show.book-chapter.chapter-item.text{position:absolute;left:0;top:50%;-webkit-transform:translateY(-50%);-ms-transform:translateY(-50%);transform:translateY(-50%);width:100%}#note-show.book-chapter.chapter-itemp{font-size:16px;text-align:center;color:#333}body.reader-night-mode#note-show.book-chapter.chapter-itemp{color:#c8c8c8}#note-show.book-chapter.chapter-itemspan{margin-top:5px;padding:010px;font-size:12px;color:#999;text-align:center;overflow:hidden;-o-text-overflow:ellipsis;text-overflow:ellipsis;display:-webkit-box;-webkit-line-clamp:2;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;line-height:15px;max-height:30px;-webkit-box-sizing:content-box;-moz-box-sizing:content-box;box-sizing:content-box;white-space:normal}#note-show.book-chapter.half{width:50%}#note-show.book-chapter.chapter-with-next:after{content:"";position:absolute;width:1px;height:100%;right:0;top:0;background-color:#e5e5e5}body.reader-night-mode#note-show.book-chapter.chapter-with-next:after{background-color:#2f2f2f}#note-show#buy-note-panel.buy-tip{color:#666}body.reader-night-mode#note-show#buy-note-panel.buy-tip{color:#c8c8c8}#note-show#buy-book-panel.buy-tip{color:#da9e55}body.reader-night-mode#note-show#buy-book-panel.buy-tip{color:#c8c8c8}#note-show#buy-book-panel.support-author,#note-show#buy-note-panel.support-author,#note-show#free-reward-panel.support-author,#note-show#paid-reward-panel.support-author{padding:20px0;text-align:center;clear:both;position:relative}#note-show#buy-book-panel.support-authorp,#note-show#buy-note-panel.support-authorp,#note-show#free-reward-panel.support-authorp,#note-show#paid-reward-panel.support-authorp{margin-bottom:20px;padding:010px;font-size:16px;font-weight:700;color:#969696;line-height:20px}#note-show#buy-book-panel.support-author.btn-pay,#note-show#buy-note-panel.support-author.btn-pay,#note-show#free-reward-panel.support-author.btn-pay,#note-show#paid-reward-panel.support-author.btn-pay{margin-bottom:17px;padding:8px18px;font-size:14px;color:#fff!important;background-color:#ea6f5a;border-radius:4px;display:inline-block}#note-show#buy-book-panel.support-author.buy-tip,#note-show#buy-note-panel.support-author.buy-tip,#note-show#free-reward-panel.support-author.buy-tip,#note-show#paid-reward-panel.support-author.buy-tip{position:absolute;top:-10px;left:48%;-webkit-box-shadow:04px12px0rgba(0,0,0,.1);box-shadow:04px12px0rgba(0,0,0,.1);border:1pxsolid;padding:6px9px;font-size:12px;font-weight:500;border-radius:5px;background-color:#fff;border-color:#ddd}body.reader-night-mode#note-show#buy-book-panel.support-author.buy-tip,body.reader-night-mode#note-show#buy-note-panel.support-author.buy-tip,body.reader-night-mode#note-show#free-reward-panel.support-author.buy-tip,body.reader-night-mode#note-show#paid-reward-panel.support-author.buy-tip{background-color:#3f3f3f;border-color:#2f2f2f}#note-show#buy-book-panel.support-author.buy-tip:before,#note-show#buy-note-panel.support-author.buy-tip:before,#note-show#free-reward-panel.support-author.buy-tip:before,#note-show#paid-reward-panel.support-author.buy-tip:before{content:"";position:absolute;width:10px;height:10px;-webkit-transform:rotate(45deg);-ms-transform:rotate(45deg);transform:rotate(45deg);left:20%;bottom:-4px;background-color:#fff}body.reader-night-mode#note-show#buy-book-panel.support-author.buy-tip:before,body.reader-night-mode#note-show#buy-note-panel.support-author.buy-tip:before,body.reader-night-mode#note-show#free-reward-panel.support-author.buy-tip:before,body.reader-night-mode#note-show#paid-reward-panel.support-author.buy-tip:before{background-color:#3f3f3f}#note-show#buy-book-panel.support-author.btn-paid,#note-show#buy-note-panel.support-author.btn-paid,#note-show#free-reward-panel.support-author.btn-paid,#note-show#paid-reward-panel.support-author.btn-paid{margin-bottom:17px;padding:8px48px;font-size:14px;display:inline-block;height:40px}#note-show#buy-book-panel.support-author.btn-paid.buy-note,#note-show#buy-note-panel.support-author.btn-paid.buy-note,#note-show#free-reward-panel.support-author.btn-paid.buy-note,#note-show#paid-reward-panel.support-author.btn-paid.buy-note{color:#ea6f5a!important;border:1pxsolid#ea6f5a;background-color:#fff;border-radius:4px}body.reader-night-mode#note-show#buy-book-panel.support-author.btn-paid.buy-note,body.reader-night-mode#note-show#buy-note-panel.support-author.btn-paid.buy-note,body.reader-night-mode#note-show#free-reward-panel.support-author.btn-paid.buy-note,body.reader-night-mode#note-show#paid-reward-panel.support-author.btn-paid.buy-note{background-color:#3f3f3f}#note-show#buy-book-panel.support-author.btn-paid.buy-book,#note-show#buy-note-panel.support-author.btn-paid.buy-book,#note-show#free-reward-panel.support-author.btn-paid.buy-book,#note-show#paid-reward-panel.support-author.btn-paid.buy-book{border-radius:20px;color:#fff;background-color:#da9e55}#note-show#buy-book-panel.support-author.supporter,#note-show#buy-note-panel.support-author.supporter,#note-show#free-reward-panel.support-author.supporter,#note-show#paid-reward-panel.support-author.supporter{line-height:0;text-align:center}#note-show#buy-book-panel.support-author.supporter.support-list,#note-show#buy-note-panel.support-author.supporter.support-list,#note-show#free-reward-panel.support-author.supporter.support-list,#note-show#paid-reward-panel.support-author.supporter.support-list{margin:0;padding:0;max-width:284px;list-style:none;display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle}#note-show#buy-book-panel.support-author.supporter.support-listli,#note-show#buy-note-panel.support-author.supporter.support-listli,#note-show#free-reward-panel.support-author.supporter.support-listli,#note-show#paid-reward-panel.support-author.supporter.support-listli{margin:0-5px;display:inline-block;float:left}#note-show#buy-book-panel.support-author.supporter.support-list.avatarimg,#note-show#buy-note-panel.support-author.supporter.support-list.avatarimg,#note-show#free-reward-panel.support-author.supporter.support-list.avatarimg,#note-show#paid-reward-panel.support-author.supporter.support-list.avatarimg{width:40px;height:40px;border-radius:20px;border:4pxsolid#fff}body.reader-night-mode#note-show#buy-book-panel.support-author.supporter.support-list.avatarimg,body.reader-night-mode#note-show#buy-note-panel.support-author.supporter.support-list.avatarimg,body.reader-night-mode#note-show#free-reward-panel.support-author.supporter.support-list.avatarimg,body.reader-night-mode#note-show#paid-reward-panel.support-author.supporter.support-list.avatarimg{border-color:#3f3f3f}#note-show#buy-book-panel.support-author.supporterspan,#note-show#buy-note-panel.support-author.supporterspan,#note-show#free-reward-panel.support-author.supporterspan,#note-show#paid-reward-panel.support-author.supporterspan{display:inline-block;padding:8px;margin-top:2px;margin-bottom:12px;font-size:14px;color:#646464}#note-show#buy-book-panel.support-author.supporterspan:not(:last-child),#note-show#buy-note-panel.support-author.supporterspan:not(:last-child),#note-show#free-reward-panel.support-author.supporterspan:not(:last-child),#note-show#paid-reward-panel.support-author.supporterspan:not(:last-child){border-right:1pxsolid#646464;padding-right:9px}body.reader-night-mode#note-show#buy-book-panel.support-author.supporterspan,body.reader-night-mode#note-show#buy-note-panel.support-author.supporterspan,body.reader-night-mode#note-show#free-reward-panel.support-author.supporterspan,body.reader-night-mode#note-show#paid-reward-panel.support-author.supporterspan{color:#c8c8c8}#note-show#buy-book-panel.support-author.supporter.modal-wrap,#note-show#buy-note-panel.support-author.supporter.modal-wrap,#note-show#free-reward-panel.support-author.supporter.modal-wrap,#note-show#paid-reward-panel.support-author.supporter.modal-wrap{margin-left:5px;font-size:14px;color:#646464;vertical-align:-2px;cursor:pointer;display:inline-block}#note-show#buy-book-panel.support-author.placeholder,#note-show#buy-note-panel.support-author.placeholder,#note-show#free-reward-panel.support-author.placeholder,#note-show#paid-reward-panel.support-author.placeholder{padding:3px00;text-align:center}#note-show#buy-book-panel.support-author.placeholder.text,#note-show#buy-note-panel.support-author.placeholder.text,#note-show#free-reward-panel.support-author.placeholder.text,#note-show#paid-reward-panel.support-author.placeholder.text{margin:0auto4px;height:15px;background-color:#eaeaea;animation:loading1sease-in-outinfinite;-webkit-animation:loading1sease-in-outinfinite}body.reader-night-mode#note-show#buy-book-panel.support-author.placeholder.text,body.reader-night-mode#note-show#buy-note-panel.support-author.placeholder.text,body.reader-night-mode#note-show#free-reward-panel.support-author.placeholder.text,body.reader-night-mode#note-show#paid-reward-panel.support-author.placeholder.text{background-color:#545454}#note-show#buy-book-panel.support-author.placeholder.animation-delay,#note-show#buy-note-panel.support-author.placeholder.animation-delay,#note-show#free-reward-panel.support-author.placeholder.animation-delay,#note-show#paid-reward-panel.support-author.placeholder.animation-delay{margin-bottom:23px;animation:loading1sease-in-out-.5sinfinite;-webkit-animation:loading1sease-in-out-.5sinfinite}#note-show#buy-book-panel.support-author.placeholder.btn,#note-show#buy-note-panel.support-author.placeholder.btn,#note-show#free-reward-panel.support-author.placeholder.btn,#note-show#paid-reward-panel.support-author.placeholder.btn{margin-left:-webkit-calc(50%-53px);margin-left:calc(50%-53px);margin-bottom:17px;width:106px;height:42px;background-color:#eaeaea;border-radius:4px}body.reader-night-mode#note-show#buy-book-panel.support-author.placeholder.btn,body.reader-night-mode#note-show#buy-note-panel.support-author.placeholder.btn,body.reader-night-mode#note-show#free-reward-panel.support-author.placeholder.btn,body.reader-night-mode#note-show#paid-reward-panel.support-author.placeholder.btn{background-color:#545454}#note-show#buy-book-panel.support-author.placeholder.supporter,#note-show#buy-note-panel.support-author.placeholder.supporter,#note-show#free-reward-panel.support-author.placeholder.supporter,#note-show#paid-reward-panel.support-author.placeholder.supporter{padding-left:10px}#note-show#buy-book-panel.support-author.placeholder.supporterli,#note-show#buy-note-panel.support-author.placeholder.supporterli,#note-show#free-reward-panel.support-author.placeholder.supporterli,#note-show#paid-reward-panel.support-author.placeholder.supporterli{display:inline-block;margin-left:-15px;width:32px;height:32px;background-color:#eaeaea;border:4pxsolid#fff;border-radius:50%}body.reader-night-mode#note-show#buy-book-panel.support-author.placeholder.supporterli,body.reader-night-mode#note-show#buy-note-panel.support-author.placeholder.supporterli,body.reader-night-mode#note-show#free-reward-panel.support-author.placeholder.supporterli,body.reader-night-mode#note-show#paid-reward-panel.support-author.placeholder.supporterli{background-color:#545454;border-color:#3f3f3f}#note-show.user-panel{position:relative}#note-show.user-panel.top-title{margin:0-18px;padding:10px18px;font-size:14px;font-weight:700;color:#333}body.reader-night-mode#note-show.user-panel.top-title{color:#c8c8c8}#note-show.user-panel.top-title.member-image{margin-top:-3px;margin-right:4px;width:18px;vertical-align:middle}#note-show.user-panel.note-author{position:relative;margin:-18px-18px0;text-align:center}#note-show.user-panel.note-author.avatarimg{width:64px;height:64px;border-radius:50%;border:1pxsolid;border-color:#ddd}body.reader-night-mode#note-show.user-panel.note-author.avatarimg{border-color:#2f2f2f}#note-show.user-panel.note-author.author-info.name{display:block;font-size:18px;font-weight:700;vertical-align:middle;color:#484848}body.reader-night-mode#note-show.user-panel.note-author.author-info.name{color:#c8c8c8}#note-show.user-panel.note-author.author-info.name.ic-man{color:#3194d0}#note-show.user-panel.note-author.author-info.name.ic-woman{color:#ea6f5a}#note-show.user-panel.note-author.author-info.badge-icon{margin-top:4px;font-size:14px;color:#484848}body.reader-night-mode#note-show.user-panel.note-author.author-info.badge-icon{color:#c8c8c8}#note-show.user-panel.note-author.author-info.badge-iconimg{margin:-2px3px00;vertical-align:middle}#note-show.user-panel.note-author.author-info.meta{margin:4px0;font-size:14px;color:#969696}#note-show.user-panel.note-author.author-info.intro{margin:5px40px;font-size:14px;color:#484848;overflow:hidden;-o-text-overflow:ellipsis;text-overflow:ellipsis;display:-webkit-box;-webkit-line-clamp:2;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;line-height:20px;max-height:40px;-webkit-box-sizing:content-box;-moz-box-sizing:content-box;box-sizing:content-box;white-space:normal}body.reader-night-mode#note-show.user-panel.note-author.author-info.intro{color:#c8c8c8}#note-show.user-panel.note-author.author-info.follow-btn{width:60%;margin:12px0}#note-show.user-panel.note-author.load-more{margin-top:10px;border-top:1pxsolid;display:block;padding:15px015px7px;text-align:center;font-size:15px;color:#969696;background-color:#fff;border-color:#f0f0f0}body.reader-night-mode#note-show.user-panel.note-author.load-more{background-color:#3f3f3f;border-color:#2f2f2f}#note-show.user-panel.note-author.member-zunxiang:before,#note-show.user-panel.note-author.member:before{content:"";position:absolute;top:50px;left:21px;right:21px;height:130px;background-image:url(data:image/png;base64,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);-webkit-background-size:100%100%;background-size:100%;z-index:-1}#note-show.user-panel.note-author.member-zunxiang:after,#note-show.user-panel.note-author.member:after{content:"";position:absolute;top:30px;bottom:96px;left:20px;right:20px;border:1pxsolid;border-radius:10px;z-index:-2}#note-show.user-panel.note-author.member-zunxiang.meta,#note-show.user-panel.note-author.member.meta{opacity:.5}#note-show.user-panel.note-author.member-zunxiang.guide.option,#note-show.user-panel.note-author.member-zunxiang.guide.wording,#note-show.user-panel.note-author.member.guide.option,#note-show.user-panel.note-author.member.guide.wording{background-color:#fff}body.reader-night-mode#note-show.user-panel.note-author.member-zunxiang.guide.option,body.reader-night-mode#note-show.user-panel.note-author.member-zunxiang.guide.wording,body.reader-night-mode#note-show.user-panel.note-author.member.guide.option,body.reader-night-mode#note-show.user-panel.note-author.member.guide.wording{background-color:#3f3f3f}#note-show.user-panel.note-author.member-is-author:after{bottom:66px}#note-show.user-panel.note-author.member:after{border-color:#cd7e0f;background-image:-webkit-linear-gradient(45deg,rgba(255,215,173,.8),hsla(32,79%,66%,.8));background-image:-o-linear-gradient(45deg,rgba(255,215,173,.8),hsla(32,79%,66%,.8));background-image:linear-gradient(45deg,rgba(255,215,173,.8),hsla(32,79%,66%,.8));-webkit-box-shadow:04px20pxrgba(207,127,0,.4);box-shadow:04px20pxrgba(207,127,0,.4)}#note-show.user-panel.note-author.member.badge-icon,#note-show.user-panel.note-author.member.intro,#note-show.user-panel.note-author.member.meta,#note-show.user-panel.note-author.member.name{color:#5e3100!important}#note-show.user-panel.note-author.member.avatarimg{border-color:#cd7e0f!important}#note-show.user-panel.note-author.member.follow{background-color:#cd7e0f;border-color:#cd7e0f}#note-show.user-panel.note-author.member.followed{border-color:#cd7e0f;background-color:#fff}body.reader-night-mode#note-show.user-panel.note-author.member.followed{background-color:#3f3f3f}#note-show.user-panel.note-author.member-zunxiang:after{border-color:#ddb008;background-image:-webkit-linear-gradient(45deg,rgba(255,227,121,.8),rgba(252,189,49,.8));background-image:-o-linear-gradient(45deg,rgba(255,227,121,.8),rgba(252,189,49,.8));background-image:linear-gradient(45deg,rgba(255,227,121,.8),rgba(252,189,49,.8));-webkit-box-shadow:04px20pxrgba(221,176,8,.4);box-shadow:04px20pxrgba(221,176,8,.4)}#note-show.user-panel.note-author.member-zunxiang.badge-icon,#note-show.user-panel.note-author.member-zunxiang.intro,#note-show.user-panel.note-author.member-zunxiang.meta,#note-show.user-panel.note-author.member-zunxiang.name{color:#4b3200!important}#note-show.user-panel.note-author.member-zunxiang.avatarimg{border-color:#ddb008!important}#note-show.user-panel.note-author.member-zunxiang.follow{background-color:#ddb008;border-color:#ddb008}#note-show.user-panel.note-author.member-zunxiang.following{background-color:#fff;border-color:#ddb008}body.reader-night-mode#note-show.user-panel.note-author.member-zunxiang.following{background-color:#3f3f3f}#note-show.dis-entry{position:fixed;right:0;width:120px;line-height:44px;border-radius:22px0022px;bottom:100px;color:#ea6f5a;text-align:center;z-index:99;-webkit-box-shadow:02px12px0rgba(0,0,0,.16);box-shadow:02px12px0rgba(0,0,0,.16);font-size:16px;background-color:#fff}body.reader-night-mode#note-show.dis-entry{background-color:#282828}body.small-size#note-showh1{font-size:22px}body.small-size#note-showh2{font-size:20px}body.small-size#note-showh3{font-size:18px}body.small-size#note-showh4{font-size:16px}body.small-size#note-showh5,body.small-size#note-showh6{font-size:15px}body.small-size#note-showhr{margin-bottom:23px}body.small-size#note-showblockquote{margin-bottom:20px;padding:18px;border-left-width:3px}body.small-size#note-showblockquotep:last-child{margin-bottom:0}body.small-size#note-showol,body.small-size#note-showul{margin-bottom:20px}body.small-size#note-showolliol,body.small-size#note-showolliul,body.small-size#note-showulliol,body.small-size#note-showulliul{margin-top:12px}body.small-size#note-showpre,body.small-size#note-showtable{margin-bottom:22px}body.small-size#note-showtabletd,body.small-size#note-showtableth{padding:7px}body.small-size#note-show.image-package,body.small-size#note-show.video-package{margin-bottom:22px}body.small-size#note-show.content{font-size:15px}body.small-size#note-show.contentp{margin-bottom:18px}body.small-size#note-show.content.badge{font-size:12px}body.small-size#note-show.content.author.info{font-size:14px}body.small-size#note-show.content.support-author.support-btn{padding:0}body.big-size#note-showh1{font-size:27px}body.big-size#note-showh2{font-size:25px}body.big-size#note-showh3{font-size:23px}body.big-size#note-showh4{font-size:21px}body.big-size#note-showh5,body.big-size#note-showh6{font-size:19px}body.big-size#note-showhr{margin-bottom:27px}body.big-size#note-showblockquote{margin-bottom:30px;padding:22px}body.big-size#note-showblockquotep:last-child{margin-bottom:0}body.big-size#note-showol,body.big-size#note-showul{margin-bottom:28px}body.big-size#note-showolliol,body.big-size#note-showolliul,body.big-size#note-showulliol,body.big-size#note-showulliul{margin-top:16px}body.big-size#note-showpre{margin-bottom:28px}body.big-size#note-showcode{font-size:14px}body.big-size#note-showtable{margin-bottom:25px}body.big-size#note-showtabletd,body.big-size#note-showtableth{padding:10px;font-size:19px}body.big-size#note-show.image-package,body.big-size#note-show.video-package{margin-bottom:22px}body.big-size#note-show.content{font-size:19px}body.big-size#note-show.contentp{margin-bottom:22px}body.big-size#note-show.content.badge{font-size:13px}body.big-size#note-show.content.author.info{font-size:16px}body.big-size#note-show.content.meta{font-size:13px}body.big-size#note-show.content.action-btnspan,body.big-size#note-show.content.included-collections.collection,body.big-size#note-show.content.included-collections.show-all{font-size:15px}body.big-size#note-show.content.support-author.description{font-size:17px}body.big-size#note-show.content.support-author.support-btn{font-size:15px;padding:1px}body.big-size#note-show.content.author-info.info.description,body.big-size#note-show.content.author-info.introduction{font-size:13px}body.large-size#note-showh1{font-size:27px}body.large-size#note-showh2{font-size:26px}body.large-size#note-showh3{font-size:25px}body.large-size#note-showh4{font-size:24px}body.large-size#note-showh5{font-size:23px}body.large-size#note-showh6{font-size:22px}body.large-size#note-showhr{margin-bottom:30px}body.large-size#note-showblockquote{margin-bottom:30px;padding:22px}body.large-size#note-showblockquotep:last-child{margin-bottom:0}body.large-size#note-showol,body.large-size#note-showul{margin-bottom:28px}body.large-size#note-showolliol,body.large-size#note-showolliul,body.large-size#note-showulliol,body.large-size#note-showulliul{margin-top:16px}body.large-size#note-showpre{margin-bottom:30px}body.large-size#note-showcode{font-size:18px}body.large-size#note-showtable{margin-bottom:25px}body.large-size#note-showtabletd,body.large-size#note-showtableth{padding:10px;font-size:22px}body.large-size#note-show.image-package,body.large-size#note-show.video-package{margin-bottom:22px}body.large-size#note-show.content{font-size:21px}body.large-size#note-show.contentp{margin-bottom:24px}body.large-size#note-show.content.badge{font-size:13px}body.large-size#note-show.content.author.info{font-size:16px}body.large-size#note-show.content.meta{font-size:13px}body.large-size#note-show.content.action-btnspan,body.large-size#note-show.content.included-collections.collection,body.large-size#note-show.content.included-collections.show-all{font-size:15px}body.large-size#note-show.content.support-author.description{font-size:17px}body.large-size#note-show.content.support-author.support-btn{font-size:15px;padding:1px}body.large-size#note-show.content.author-info.info.description,body.large-size#note-show.content.author-info.introduction{font-size:13px}.call-app-btn{color:#fff;font-size:14px;white-space:nowrap;padding:10px20px;border-radius:18px;background:-webkit-linear-gradient(323deg,#faa184,#f2684d);background:-o-linear-gradient(323deg,#faa1840,#f2684d100%);background:linear-gradient(127deg,#faa184,#f2684d);position:fixed;left:50%;bottom:30px;-webkit-transform:translatex(-50%);-ms-transform:translatex(-50%);transform:translatex(-50%);z-index:2}.call-app-Ad-bottom{height:80px;z-index:2}.call-app-Ad-bottom,.call-app-Ad-bottom-op{width:100vw;position:fixed;left:50%;bottom:0;-webkit-transform:translatex(-50%);-ms-transform:translatex(-50%);transform:translatex(-50%)}.call-app-Ad-bottom-op{height:0;overflow:hidden}.open-app-modal{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-box-direction:normal;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;-webkit-box-align:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;padding:25px20px}.open-app-modalh4{font-size:18px;color:#3f3f3f;margin-bottom:10px}.open-app-modalp{font-size:15px;color:#555}.open-app-modal.btn-content{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;margin-top:22px}.open-app-modal.btn-contentbutton{font-size:16px;height:44px;border-radius:22px;width:132px;margin:05px;color:#fff;background-color:#ea6f5a}.open-app-modal.btn-content.cancel{color:#999;background-color:#ddd}.baidu-app-download-2eIkf_1{display:block;margin-left:-18px;margin-right:-18px;padding:10px18px;border-top:10pxsolid#f5f5f5;background-color:#fff}body.reader-night-mode.baidu-app-download-2eIkf_1{background-color:#3f3f3f;border-color:#2f2f2f}.download-link-3W9Mc_1{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;width:100%;height:48px;border-radius:24px;font-size:17px;color:#fff;background-color:#ea6f5a}.download-link-3W9Mc_1>i{font-size:22px;margin-right:2px}.transleft-3nkkr_0{-webkit-transform:translateX(-15px);-ms-transform:translateX(-15px);transform:translateX(-15px)}.transleft-2OdJg_0{-webkit-transform:translateX(-15px);-ms-transform:translateX(-15px);transform:translateX(-15px)}.transleft-1AN8F_0{-webkit-transform:translateX(-15px);-ms-transform:translateX(-15px);transform:translateX(-15px)}.dialog-1f6iY_0{position:fixed;width:100%;left:0;top:0;bottom:0;background-color:rgba(47,47,47,.6);z-index:2}.dialog-1f6iY_0.wrapper-kBteQ_0{position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;min-width:80%;-webkit-transform:translate(-50%,-50%);-ms-transform:translate(-50%,-50%);transform:translate(-50%,-50%)}.dialog-1f6iY_0.content-1VCge_0{background-color:#fff;border-radius:10px}body.reader-night-mode.dialog-1f6iY_0.content-1VCge_0{background-color:#3a3a3a}.dialog-1f6iY_0.icon-wrapper-3IkPq_0{margin-top:25px;text-align:center}.dialog-1f6iY_0.icon-wrapper-3IkPq_0.close-icon-1la15_0{color:#b2b2b2;font-size:22px}.energy-modal[data-v-06fcc691]{position:fixed;left:0;top:0;bottom:0;z-index:33;width:100%;background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.5)}.energy-modal.content[data-v-06fcc691]{position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;-webkit-transform:translate(-50%,-50%);-ms-transform:translate(-50%,-50%);transform:translate(-50%,-50%);width:72%;border-radius:5px;background-color:#fff}.energy-modal.title[data-v-06fcc691]{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;-webkit-box-align:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;padding:10px8px;color:#2f2f2f}.energy-modal.title.iconfont[data-v-06fcc691],.energy-modal.title.ques[data-v-06fcc691]{font-size:12px;-webkit-transform:scale(.83333);-ms-transform:scale(.83333);transform:scale(.83333);-webkit-transform-origin:center;-ms-transform-origin:center;transform-origin:center}.energy-modal.title.ques[data-v-06fcc691]{text-decoration:underline;color:#888}.energy-modal.detail-title[data-v-06fcc691]{font-size:15px;font-weight:500;line-height:1;text-align:center}.energy-modal.detail-desc[data-v-06fcc691]{font-size:12px;font-weight:500;text-align:center}.energy-modal.detail.pie-wrapper[data-v-06fcc691]{position:relative;margin:14pxauto;width:65px;height:65px;border-radius:50%}.energy-modal.detail.pie-wrapper.score[data-v-06fcc691]{position:absolute;left:50%;top:50%;font-size:20px;font-weight:700;-webkit-transform:translate(-50%,-50%);-ms-transform:translate(-50%,-50%);transform:translate(-50%,-50%)}.energy-modal.content-tip[data-v-06fcc691]{margin:14pxauto25px;width:83.33%;font-size:12px;color:#888}.energy-tip{position:fixed;bottom:0;left:50%;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-box-direction:normal;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-box-align:start;-webkit-align-items:flex-start;-ms-flex-align:start;align-items:flex-start;padding-left:20px;z-index:11;width:48%;border-radius:32px;height:52px;-webkit-transform:translate(-50%);-ms-transform:translate(-50%);transform:translate(-50%);background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.6)}.energy-tipp{color:#fff;text-align:center;font-size:12px}.energy-tippspan{margin-left:12px}.energy-tipp.iconfont{font-size:12px}.energy-tipp.heat-value,.energy-tipp.remaining_energy_point{color:#ff8c78}.transleft-11-Hq_0{-webkit-transform:translateX(-15px);-ms-transform:translateX(-15px);transform:translateX(-15px)}#footerhr{margin-left:-15px;margin-right:-15px}#footer.download-guide{position:relative;background-color:transparent;height:230px}#footer.download-guide:after,#footer.download-guide:before{content:"";position:absolute;left:0;right:0;bottom:0}#footer.download-guide:before{background-image:-webkit-gradient(linear,leftbottom,lefttop,from(hsla(0,0%,100%,0)),to(#fff));background-image:-webkit-linear-gradient(bottom,hsla(0,0%,100%,0),#fff);background-image:-o-linear-gradient(bottom,hsla(0,0%,100%,0),#fff);background-image:linear-gradient(0deg,hsla(0,0%,100%,0),#fff);top:10px}body.reader-night-mode#footer.download-guide:before{background-image:-webkit-gradient(linear,leftbottom,lefttop,from(rgba(63,63,63,.8)),to(transparent));background-image:-webkit-linear-gradient(bottom,rgba(63,63,63,.8),transparent);background-image:-o-linear-gradient(bottom,rgba(63,63,63,.8),transparent);background-image:linear-gradient(0deg,rgba(63,63,63,.8),transparent)}#footer.download-guide:after{top:0;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:bottom;-webkit-background-size:contain;background-size:contain;background-image:url(//cdn2.jianshu.io/asimov/src/assets/image/download-guide.1cef6fa3.png);z-index:-1}#footer.download-guide.download{display:block;position:absolute;top:70px;left:50%;margin-left:-120px;min-width:240px;height:45px;padding:10px30px;font-size:16px;color:#fff;background-color:#ea6f5a;border-radius:4px;text-align:center}#footer.footer-wrap{text-align:center;padding:015px10px}#footer.footer-wrap.login{padding:30px0;display:block}#footer.footer-wrap.panel{height:80px;padding:20px0;font-size:16px}#footer.footer-wrap.panel.item{height:40px;line-height:40px;color:#969696}#footer.footer-wrap.panel.line{margin:013px;font-weight:100;color:#d9d9d9}body.reader-night-mode#footer.footer-wrap.panel.line{color:#2f2f2f}#footer.footer-wrap.panel.avatar{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;margin-right:10px;margin-top:-4px}#footer.footer-wrap.download{display:block;width:100%;height:51px;padding-top:8px;padding-bottom:8px;border-radius:4px;font-size:16px;color:#fff;background-color:#ea6f5a}#footer.footer-wrapi{font-size:22px;vertical-align:middle}#footer.footer-wrap.slogan{padding-top:30px}#footer.footer-wrap.slogan.logo{margin-right:13px;width:76px;vertical-align:middle}#footer.footer-wrap.slogan.content{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;text-align:left}#footer.footer-wrap.slogan.contentspan{font-size:16px;line-height:1.7;display:block;color:#2f2f2f}body.reader-night-mode#footer.footer-wrap.slogan.contentspan{color:#c8c8c8}#footer.footer-wrap-wechat{padding-bottom:80px}.sign-in-drawer{padding:15px;text-align:center}.sign-in-drawerform{margin-top:10px}.sign-in-drawerform.factor-text{color:#969696;margin:10px0}.sign-in-drawerform.input-wrap{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;position:relative;width:100%;border-bottom:2pxsolid;color:#c8c8c8}body.reader-night-mode.sign-in-drawerform.input-wrap{color:#787878}.sign-in-drawerform.input-wrapinput{-webkit-box-flex:1;-webkit-flex-grow:1;-ms-flex-positive:1;flex-grow:1;height:48px;padding:2px12px4px30px;font-size:14px;background-color:transparent;color:#333;border:none}body.reader-night-mode.sign-in-drawerform.input-wrapinput{color:#c8c8c8}.sign-in-drawerform.input-wrapinput:focus{outline:none}.sign-in-drawerform.input-wrap.retryBtn{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-align:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;border-left:1pxsolid#c3c3c3;width:100px;margin:10px0}.sign-in-drawerform.input-wrap.cooling{color:#3194d0}.sign-in-drawerform.input-wrapi{position:absolute;top:8px;left:0;font-size:18px;color:#969696}.sign-in-drawerformbutton{margin-top:25px;padding:12px0;width:100%;color:#fff;background-color:#3194d0;border-radius:4px;height:50px;font-size:16px}.sign-in-drawer.wechat-loginh3{margin:40%030px;color:#333}body.reader-night-mode.sign-in-drawer.wechat-loginh3{color:#c8c8c8}.sign-in-drawer.wechat-logina{display:block;background-color:#00bb29;border:1pxsolid#00bb29;color:#fff;width:100%;margin-bottom:20px;border-radius:4px;height:60px;line-height:58px}.sign-in-drawer.wechat-logini{margin-left:-10px;font-size:30px;vertical-align:middle}.sign-in-drawer.wechat-loginspan{margin-left:10px;font-size:18px;vertical-align:middle}.sign-in-drawer.wechat-loginbutton{padding:11px0;background-color:#fbfafc;border:1pxsolid#d9d9d9;color:#333;width:100%;margin-bottom:20px;border-radius:4px;display:block}.sign-in-drawer.wechat-loginimg{margin-left:-10px;width:35px;height:35px;vertical-align:middle}.sign-in-drawer.headerh3{margin-top:15%;display:inline-block;font-size:16px;color:#333}body.reader-night-mode.sign-in-drawer.headerh3{color:#c8c8c8}.sign-in-drawer.header.back,.sign-in-drawer.header.close{position:absolute;font-size:20px;color:#969696;width:40px;height:40px}.sign-in-drawer.header.back{left:5px}.sign-in-drawer.header.close{right:5px}.sign-in-drawer.header.closei{line-height:40px}.sign-in-drawer.more-sign{margin-top:60px}.sign-in-drawer.more-signh6{position:relative;margin-bottom:10px;font-size:12px;color:#b5b5b5}.sign-in-drawer.more-signh6:before{left:50px}.sign-in-drawer.more-signh6:after,.sign-in-drawer.more-signh6:before{content:"";border-top:1pxsolid#b5b5b5;display:block;position:absolute;width:15%;top:8px}.sign-in-drawer.more-signh6:after{right:50px}.sign-in-drawer.more-signul{margin-bottom:30px;padding:0;list-style:none}.sign-in-drawer.more-signulli{margin:08px;display:inline-block;float:none}.sign-in-drawer.more-signula,.sign-in-drawer.more-signulbutton{width:48px;height:48px;border-radius:50%;line-height:48px;display:block}.sign-in-drawer.more-signuli{font-size:30px}.sign-in-drawer.more-sign.weiboi{color:#e05244}.sign-in-drawer.more-sign.weixini{color:#00bb29}.sign-in-drawer.more-sign.qqi{color:#498ad5}.sign-in-drawer.more-sign.googlei{color:#e05244}.sign-in-drawer.more-sign.iconfont{color:#fff}.sign-in-drawer.more-sign.ic-more{color:#787878}.drawer[data-v-7632aa54]{z-index:12;position:fixed;overflow-x:hidden;overflow-y:auto;-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch;background-color:#fff}body.reader-night-mode.drawer[data-v-7632aa54]{background-color:#3f3f3f}.drawer.fade-bottom-enter-active[data-v-7632aa54],.drawer.fade-bottom-leave-active[data-v-7632aa54],.drawer.fade-left-enter-active[data-v-7632aa54],.drawer.fade-left-leave-active[data-v-7632aa54],.drawer.fade-right-enter-active[data-v-7632aa54],.drawer.fade-right-leave-active[data-v-7632aa54],.drawer.fade-top-enter-active[data-v-7632aa54],.drawer.fade-top-leave-active[data-v-7632aa54]{-webkit-transition:all.4scubic-bezier(.1,.7,.1,1);-o-transition:allcubic-bezier(.1,.7,.1,1).4s;transition:all.4scubic-bezier(.1,.7,.1,1)}.drawer.fade-left-enter[data-v-7632aa54],.drawer.fade-left-leave-to[data-v-7632aa54]{-webkit-transform:translateX(-100%);-ms-transform:translateX(-100%);transform:translateX(-100%);opacity:0}.drawer.fade-right-enter[data-v-7632aa54],.drawer.fade-right-leave-to[data-v-7632aa54]{-webkit-transform:translateX(100%);-ms-transform:translateX(100%);transform:translateX(100%);opacity:0}.drawer.fade-top-enter[data-v-7632aa54],.drawer.fade-top-leave-to[data-v-7632aa54]{-webkit-transform:translateY(-100%);-ms-transform:translateY(-100%);transform:translateY(-100%);opacity:0}.drawer.fade-bottom-enter[data-v-7632aa54],.drawer.fade-bottom-leave-to[data-v-7632aa54]{-webkit-transform:translateY(100%);-ms-transform:translateY(100%);transform:translateY(100%);opacity:0}.drawer.drawer-header[data-v-7632aa54]{position:relative;height:46px;line-height:46px;z-index:1;border-bottom:1pxsolid;background-color:#fff;border-color:#f0f0f0}body.reader-night-mode.drawer.drawer-header[data-v-7632aa54]{background-color:#3f3f3f;border-color:#2f2f2f}.drawer.drawer-headerbutton[data-v-7632aa54]{position:absolute;font-size:16px;left:20px;top:14px;color:#ea6f5a}.drawer.drawer-headerh3[data-v-7632aa54]{margin:0;font-size:16px;text-align:center;color:#333}body.reader-night-mode.drawer.drawer-headerh3[data-v-7632aa54]{color:#b1b1b1}精彩文章免费看立即下载新媒体运营的发展历史是什么？猫咪很慢180113简书作者0.4752020-03-0319:29IP属地:河北打开App什么是新媒体运营？下图是百度百科对新媒体运营的解释。除了百度百科对新媒体运营的定义，还有一种描述就是：新媒体运营指的是内容，活动，产品和用户运营的四大模块的总称。新媒体运营的发展历史新媒体运营是链接网民和互联网产品的桥梁，因此新媒体运营的发展，也是随着互联网的创新发展以及网民的喜好而不断变化的。新媒体运营发展的不同阶段都会设计到内容、用户、产品及活动，但是每个阶段都有所不同。(1)用户运营主导期(2000年以前)2000年以前，我国互联网尚处于萌芽阶段。新创意层出不穷、新产品不断出现一哪家公司能够挖掘到用户需求、“抢”到用户，哪家公司就能更快成长。后来，成长为巨头的互联网公司，几平全部得益于2000年以前理绕用户需求而抢占的当时互联网领域的“第一批”.它们抢到“第一批”的同时，也抢占了互联网的先机。在用户运营主导期，不少公司的程序员常充当运营的角色，随时与用户沟通产品体验并调整产品。（2）产品运营主导期(2000-2005年)2000一2005年，互联网进人发展期。此阶段很少出现像QQ、百度一类的具有划时代意义的产品，各大互联网公司的重点都是在原有产品基础之上“修炼内功“，进行产品优化与延展。在产品运营主导期，新媒体运营的重点工作都是围绕产品展开的，如新产品研发、需求反馈、产品优化等。(3)活动运营主导期(2005一2012年)2005年起，国内互联网公司同质化竞争开始激烈化。在分类信息领域，2005年3月赶集网上线，2005年12月58同城成立；在票务预订领域，2005年5月去哪儿网上线，2006年10月途牛旅行网创办；在团购网站领域，美团网、拉手网、窝窝团同时于2010年3月诞生。大量同领域竞争的网站功能类似、界面相仿，因此，很多网站必须尝试通过形式多样的活动进行品牌推广及用户激活，与竞争对手拉开距离。以团购网站领域为例，2011年8月，国内团购网站数量达到最高峰的5058家，为了更快地从“千团大战”中胜出，各家团购网站的运营团队分别进行不同形式、不同创意的线上线下活动。在活动运营主导期，新媒体运营的重点工作就是设计创意活动、确保活劲热行、监督活动效果，通过活动获取用户井激活网站流量。(4)内容运营主导期(2012一2018年)2010年6月，苹果公司发布了被称为“自第一代iPhone以来最大飞跃”的iPhone4。随后两年内，越来越多的智能手机品牌进入网民的视野。随着智能手机的逐步普及，网民开始进人移动互联网时代，看今曰头条和用微信聊天成为日常必做的事情。由于浏览手机的时间有限，抓住用户注意力、吸引用户持续停留成为新媒体运营者的头等大事。因此，内容运营成为这一阶段新媒体运营的重点工作。为了在纷繁复杂的文章、图片、视频中脱颖而出，新媒体运营者需要花时间分析用户喜好、撰写吸引眼球的标题、设计走心的内容、辅之以精心设计的图片或H5，以达到更好的运营效果。例如，2018年元旦，支付宝推出了“2017支付宝年账单”功能。将枯燥无味的账单数据转换为“每次出发，都是为了更好的回来”以及“你，就是更好世界的希望”等走心的文字、全彩绘制的生活场景图，支付宝年度账单的内容呈现形式获得了用户的点赞与主动传播。©著作权归作者所有,转载或内容合作请联系作者创作你的创作，接受世界的赞赏登录|打开App|热门文章下载简书，随时随地看好文window.__INITIAL_STATE__={"fromBaidu":false,"csrfToken":"CfRA\u002FdN5LVISs7qsEiZe7Ys\u002FrfM\u002FCmPtiabJpfE\u002FPLnwb+EMdiEZsNevX3vWohKd3bH2rtMMVrXUB3l5lizblQ==","user":null,"login":false,"isAuth":true,"haveAuthToken":false,"ssrContext":{"header":{"host":"www.jianshu.com","x-forwarded-host":"www.jianshu.com","x-request-start":"t=1685375035.579","x-forwarded-server":"www.jianshu.com","x-real-ip":"39.96.151.182","x-forwarded-for":"43.159.41.36,39.96.151.182,39.96.151.182,39.96.151.182,10.100.0.214","x-forwarded-proto":"http","remoteip":"39.96.151.182","user-agent":"Mozilla\u002F5.0(Linux;Android12;PGZ110Build\u002FSP1A.210812.016)AppleWebKit\u002F537.36(KHTML,likeGecko)Chrome\u002F97.0.4692.98MobileSafari\u002F537.36","x-true-ip":"39.96.151.182","x-client-ip":"43.159.41.36","web-server-type":"nginx","wl-proxy-client-ip":"39.96.151.182","eagleeye-traceid":"a3b5799a16853750354483867e","via":"vn26.l1,l2vn2.l2,l2cm12-6.l2","ali-cdn-real-port":"40754","ali-cdn-real-ip":"43.159.41.36","ali-swift-log-host":"www.jianshu.com","ali-swift-stat-host":"www.jianshu.com","x-client-scheme":"https","ali-swift-force-ttl-code":"400=0","referer":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.jianshu.com\u002Fp\u002F1b739bf224e7","accept":"text\u002Fhtml,application\u002Fxhtml+xml,application\u002Fxml;q=0.9,image\u002Fwebp,image\u002Fapng,*\u002F*;q=0.8,application\u002Fsigned-exchange;v=b3","accept-encoding":"gzip,deflate,br","accept-language":"zh-CN,zh;q=0.9","dnt":"1","origin":"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.jianshu.com","sec-fetch-dest":"document","sec-fetch-mode":"navigate","sec-fetch-site":"none","sec-fetch-user":"?1","ali-cdn-appview-name":"cdn-tengine","ali-swift-origin-scheme":"https","ali-swift-origin-port":"443","ali-cdn-adaptive-ports":"80,443","x-alicdn-da-via":"163.181.121.243,156.59.137.249,111.13.222.135","eagleeye-rpcid":"0.1","wf":"1","x5-uuid":"45c277e4387d6aeac6af7fae9ae98fb7","x-envoy-external-address":"10.100.0.214","x-request-id":"9772dfbd-b63b-40f5-a0a9-5195e9b0c3b9","content-length":"0","request-id":"3db2c4ec-9619-43c3-865e-4679ce31e8ee"},"url":"\u002Fp\u002F1b739bf224e7","method":"GET"},"ua":{"ios":false,"android":true,"wechat":false,"baiduspider":false,"qq":false,"qqBrowser":false,"tencent":false,"alipay":false,"weibo":false,"pc":false,"others":false,"app":false,"baiduapp":false,"toutiaoapp":false},"wechat":{},"mode":"reader-day-mode","lang":"zh-CN","font":"normal-size","wechatAppId":"","wechatOpenId":"","requestId":"3db2c4ec-9619-43c3-865e-4679ce31e8ee","viaId":"none","downloads":{"hugo":{"yingyongbao":"https:\u002F\u002Fitunes.apple.com\u002Fapp\u002Fapple-store\u002Fid888237539?pt=69349191&ct=weixin_h5_1&mt=8","weibo":"https:\u002F\u002Fm.weibo.cn\u002Fp\u002F1004041843659","official":"https:\u002F\u002Fitunes.apple.com\u002Fcn\u002Fapp\u002Fjian-shu\u002Fid888237539?ls=1&mt=8"},"haruki":{"yingyongbao":"https:\u002F\u002Fa.app.qq.com\u002Fo\u002Fsimple.jsp?pkgname=com.jianshu.haruki&ckey=CK1387916129227","weibo":"https:\u002F\u002Fm.weibo.cn\u002Fp\u002F1004041843659","official":"https:\u002F\u002Fdownloads.jianshu.io\u002Fapps\u002Fharuki\u002FJianshu-official-6.5.3-2022006053-1670050861.apk"}},"abTest":2,"auditing":0,"grayRelease":1,"club":{"prices":[],"days":"","jsb":{},"transactions":{"has_more":false,"transactions":[]},"inAppleTrial":null,"member_iap_without_login_enabled":null},"collection":{"info":null,"recommended":{"data":[],"takeCount":0,"totalPage":0,"curPage":0,"noMore":false},"categories":[]},"app":{"audios":{"book":null,"list":[]},"lhsd":{},"withdraw":null,"userAvatar":null,"inviteUser":null,"notifications":{"others":{"data":[],"totalPage":0}},"pts":null,"ptsScore":null,"hotIssues":null,"books":{"data":[],"total":0,"name":""},"knowledgeShop":{"publications":{"data":[],"state":{"page":1,"count":10,"noMore":false,"error":"","loading":false}},"onlineCourses":{"data":[],"state":{"page":1,"count":10,"noMore":false,"error":false,"loading":false}}},"transactions":{"data":[],"noMore":false},"notebookFaqs":[],"walletPromotions":{"data":{"used":[],"unused":[],"expired":[]},"state":"unused"},"walletIncome":{"data":[],"total":0},"walletIncomeMonthly":{"info":null,"type":"all","page":1,"take":10,"noMore":false,"data":[]},"paidSetting":null,"newbieGift":{"list":[],"page":1,"count":10,"total":0},"badgeNotification":null},"users":{"info":null,"anniInfo":null},"notebook":{"show":null},"book":{"chapters":{"id":0,"data":[],"take":15,"order":"","paid":false,"total":0,"page":1,"state":{"noMore":false,"loading":false,"error":false,"nothing":false}},"categories":[],"HotCategories":[],"hotList":{"week":[],"month":[],"rec":[]},"storyCategoryList":[],"knowledgeCategoryList":[],"paidBooksList":[],"paidCoursesList":[],"bargain":[]},"note":{"info":{"show_ad":true,"is_author":false,"liked_note":false,"public_comment_count":0,"featured_comments_count":0,"likes_count":3,"trial_open":false,"wangxin_trial_open":null,"description":"什么是新媒体运营？下图是百度百科对新媒体运营的解释。除了百度百科对新媒体运营的定义，还有一种描述就是：新媒体运营指的是内容，活动，产品和用户运营的四大模块的总称。新媒体...","gupao_eligible":0,"total_fp_amount":475,"vip_note":false,"id":62717421,"slug":"1b739bf224e7","public_title":"新媒体运营的发展历史是什么？","free_content":"\u003Ch4\u003E什么是新媒体运营？\u003C\u002Fh4\u003E\u003Cp\u003E下图是百度百科对新媒体运营的解释。\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cdivclass=\"image-package\"\u003E\n\u003Cdivclass=\"image-container\"style=\"max-width:700px;max-height:629px;\"\u003E\n\u003Cdivclass=\"image-container-fill\"style=\"padding-bottom:89.78%;\"\u003E\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\n\u003Cdivclass=\"image-view\"data-width=\"1096\"data-height=\"984\"\u003E\u003Cimgdata-original-src=\"\u002F\u002Fupload-images.jianshu.io\u002Fupload_images\u002F8766673-255b35c4e56679f9.png\"data-original-width=\"1096\"data-original-height=\"984\"data-original-format=\"image\u002Fpng\"data-original-filesize=\"316408\"\u003E\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\n\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\n\u003Cdivclass=\"image-caption\"\u003E\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\n\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\u003Cp\u003E除了百度百科对新媒体运营的定义，还有一种描述就是：新媒体运营指的是内容，活动，产品和用户运营的四大模块的总称。\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Ch4\u003E新媒体运营的发展历史\u003C\u002Fh4\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cbr\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cdivclass=\"image-package\"\u003E\n\u003Cdivclass=\"image-container\"style=\"max-width:700px;max-height:294px;\"\u003E\n\u003Cdivclass=\"image-container-fill\"style=\"padding-bottom:41.94%;\"\u003E\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\n\u003Cdivclass=\"image-view\"data-width=\"1798\"data-height=\"754\"\u003E\u003Cimgdata-original-src=\"\u002F\u002Fupload-images.jianshu.io\u002Fupload_images\u002F8766673-7fccd6611ef1cf38.png\"data-original-width=\"1798\"data-original-height=\"754\"data-original-format=\"image\u002Fpng\"data-original-filesize=\"196994\"\u003E\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\n\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\n\u003Cdivclass=\"image-caption\"\u003E\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\n\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\u003Cp\u003E新媒体运营是链接网民和互联网产品的桥梁，因此新媒体运营的发展，也是随着互联网的创新发展以及网民的喜好而不断变化的。新媒体运营发展的不同阶段都会设计到内容、用户、产品及活动，但是每个阶段都有所不同。\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cb\u003E(1)用户运营主导期(2000年以前)\u003C\u002Fb\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003E2000年以前，我国互联网尚处于萌芽阶段。新创意层出不穷、新产品不断出现一哪家公司能够挖掘到用户需求、“抢”到用户，哪家公司就能更快成长。后来，成长为巨头的互联网公司，几平全部得益于2000年以前理绕用户需求而抢占的当时互联网领域的“第一批”.它们抢到“第一批”的同时，也抢占了互联网的先机。\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cbr\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cdivclass=\"image-package\"\u003E\n\u003Cdivclass=\"image-container\"style=\"max-width:700px;max-height:288px;\"\u003E\n\u003Cdivclass=\"image-container-fill\"style=\"padding-bottom:41.089999999999996%;\"\u003E\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\n\u003Cdivclass=\"image-view\"data-width=\"1840\"data-height=\"756\"\u003E\u003Cimgdata-original-src=\"\u002F\u002Fupload-images.jianshu.io\u002Fupload_images\u002F8766673-122d6fce0ef243c7.png\"data-original-width=\"1840\"data-original-height=\"756\"data-original-format=\"image\u002Fpng\"data-original-filesize=\"225704\"\u003E\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\n\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\n\u003Cdivclass=\"image-caption\"\u003E\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\n\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\u003Cp\u003E在用户运营主导期，不少公司的程序员常充当运营的角色，随时与用户沟通产品体验并调整产品。\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003E（\u003Cb\u003E2）产品运营主导期(2000-2005年)\u003C\u002Fb\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003E2000一2005年，互联网进人发展期。此阶段很少出现像QQ、百度一类的具有划时代意义的产品，各大互联网公司的重点都是在原有产品基础之上“修炼内功“，进行产品优化与延展。\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003E在产品运营主导期，新媒体运营的重点工作都是围绕产品展开的，如新产品研发、需求反馈、产品优化等。\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cb\u003E(3)活动运营主导期(2005一2012年)\u003C\u002Fb\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003E2005年起，国内互联网公司同质化竞争开始激烈化。在分类信息领域，2005年3月赶集网上线，2005年12月58同城成立；在票务预订领域，2005年5月去哪儿网上线，2006年10月途牛旅行网创办；在团购网站领域，美团网、拉手网、窝窝团同时于2010年3月诞生。\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003E大量同领域竞争的网站功能类似、界面相仿，因此，很多网站必须尝试通过形式多样的活动进行品牌推广及用户激活，与竞争对手拉开距离。以团购网站领域为例，2011年8月，国内团购网站数量达到最高峰的5058家，为了更快地从“千团大战”中胜出，各家团购网站的运营团队分别进行不同形式、不同创意的线上线下活动。在活动运营主导期，新媒体运营的重点工作就是设计创意活动、确保活劲热行、监督活动效果，通过活动获取用户井激活网站流量。\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cb\u003E(4)内容运营主导期(2012一2018年)\u003C\u002Fb\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003E2010年6月，苹果公司发布了被称为“自第一代iPhone以来最大飞跃”的iPhone4。随后两年内，越来越多的智能手机品牌进入网民的视野。随着智能手机的逐步普及，网民开始进人移动互联网时代，看今曰头条和用微信聊天成为日常必做的事情。由于浏览手机的时间有限，抓住用户注意力、吸引用户持续停留成为新媒体运营者的头等大事。因此，内容运营成为这一阶段新媒体运营的重点工作。\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003E为了在纷繁复杂的文章、图片、视频中脱颖而出，新媒体运营者需要花时间分析用户喜好、撰写吸引眼球的标题、设计走心的内容、辅之以精心设计的图片或H5，以达到更好的运营效果。\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cp\u003E例如，2018年元旦，支付宝推出了“2017支付宝年账单”功能。\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\u003Cdivclass=\"image-package\"\u003E\n\u003Cdivclass=\"image-container\"style=\"max-width:590px;max-height:1246px;\"\u003E\n\u003Cdivclass=\"image-container-fill\"style=\"padding-bottom:177.97%;\"\u003E\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\n\u003Cdivclass=\"image-view\"data-width=\"590\"data-height=\"1050\"\u003E\u003Cimgdata-original-src=\"\u002F\u002Fupload-images.jianshu.io\u002Fupload_images\u002F8766673-8a17cccbbeb9c4dc.png\"data-original-width=\"590\"data-original-height=\"1050\"data-original-format=\"image\u002Fpng\"data-original-filesize=\"1193301\"\u003E\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\n\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\n\u003Cdivclass=\"image-caption\"\u003E\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\n\u003C\u002Fdiv\u003E\u003Cp\u003E将枯燥无味的账单数据转换为“每次出发，都是为了更好的回来”以及“你，就是更好世界的希望”等走心的文字、全彩绘制的生活场景图，支付宝年度账单的内容呈现形式获得了用户的点赞与主动传播。\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","paid_type":"free","notebook_id":40173050,"commentable":true,"reprintable":true,"first_shared_at":"2020-03-03T19:29:22.000+08:00","wordage":1221,"paid_content_accessible":false,"share_image_url":"https:\u002F\u002Fupload-images.jianshu.io\u002Fupload_images\u002F8766673-255b35c4e56679f9.png","show_paid_comment_tips":false,"user":{"id":8766673,"slug":"19e42a4f3ad7","nickname":"猫咪很慢180113","gender":2,"avatar":"https:\u002F\u002Fupload.jianshu.io\u002Fusers\u002Fupload_avatars\u002F8766673\u002F12a3e183-09f7-4396-9f82-44715930d776.jpg","intro":"","intro_compiled":"","wordage":32213,"likes_count":283,"badges":[],"user_ip_addr":"河北","vip":null,"liked_by_user":false,"liked_user":false},"distribution_more_earn_percent":24,"last_updated_at":1583234961,"activity_collection_slug":null},"gift":null,"stories2017":[],"yuesaiMothersDay":[],"badgeUserNotes":[],"collectionPopularNotes":{"page":1,"count":10,"noMore":false,"data":[]},"featuredComments":null},"campaign":{"rankList":[],"dayByDayUser":{"season":{},"user":{},"join_in":null,"today_finished":null,"days":null,"season_days":null,"rebirth_cards":[],"rebirth_cards_count":null},"dayByDayRewards":{"season":[],"total":[]},"helpCreator":null},"publication":{"data":null,"recWriters":{"data":[],"status":{"page":0,"count":4,"error":null,"noMore":false,"loading":false,"totalPage":0}}},"distribution":{"info":null,"buyers":{"data":[],"noMore":false,"page":1,"count":10}},"order":{"webPayOrder":null,"goods":null,"openid":""},"convos":{"desc":null,"read":null},"audio":{"fm":[]},"ruby":{"noticeDate":"","fp":0,"hoursTime":0,"rate":"","userfp":0,"author_fp":0,"balance":"","first_day":"","last_day":"","amount":"","user":{"avatar":""},"wallet":{"assets":{},"income":{},"ranking":{},"user":{}},"info":{"user":{},"exchanging_jsb":"","jsb_balance":"","today_ranking":0,"yesterday_ranking":0,"yesterday_balance":null,"lending_balance":null,"unconfirmed_balance":"","yesterday_time":"","lending_balance18":""},"myrankings":{"rankings":[]},"rankings":{"rankings":[]},"transactions":{"has_more":false,"transactions":[]},"shells":{"has_more":false,"transactions":[]},"borrow":{"has_more":false,"transactions":[]},"collectionsfp":"","voter":[],"voterusers":[],"collections":[],"notice":{"load":true},"jsd":{"has_more":false,"transactions":[]},"hoursUsers":[],"hoursNotes":[],"fprate":{}},"missions":{"books_count":"","promotions_count":"","tasks":[],"promotions":[],"books":[],"lending_fp_amount":"","finished_count":0,"cny":0,"cny_displayable":false,"new_banner":false},"flow":{"type":"","changing":"","func":"","sort":"","count":15,"data":{}},"liquidation":{"rate":null,"increment":0,"displayable":true,"marketOpened":false},"lottery":{"leftCount":0,"viewAdLeftCount":0,"drawCount":0,"waitTime":0,"prizeList":[],"requestErr":false,"luckyWinners":[]},"group":{"info":null,"latest":[],"latestState":{"noMore":false,"loading":false,"error":false,"nothing":false},"hot":[],"hotState":{"noMore":false,"loading":false,"error":false,"nothing":false},"best":[],"bestState":{"noMore":false,"loading":false,"error":false,"nothing":false},"gt":null,"gp":null},"ambassador":{"rewardWeek":[],"rate":{},"distributionsInfo":{"next_member_benefit_percent":{},"jsd_reward":{},"member_rewards":{},"distribution_rewards":{},"referrals_rewards":{}},"spreadDetail":{"transactions":[],"page":0,"more":true},"jsdRewards":{"transactions":[],"page":1,"total_pages":0,"more":true},"referrals":{"ambassador":{},"next_level":{},"total_count":0},"referralMembers":{"current_page":0,"referrals":[],"total_pages":1},"rewardRates":{"member":[],"jsd":[],"ambassador":[]},"referralsJsdAmount":{}},"feeds":{"list":[]},"articles":{"notes":[],"url":"","note_slugs":[],"contract_notes":[],"need_id_card":false},"certification":{"status":-2,"message":null,"check_info":{"name":"","phone":"","gender":0,"id_card_no":"","image_infos":[{"category":0,"url":"","key":""},{"category":1,"url":"","key":""}]},"isUpdateModal":false,"list":[{"gender":0,"name":"女"},{"gender":1,"name":"男"}],"imgTokey":{"token":"","key":""}},"businessActivity":{"list":[],"isMore":true,"page":1},"route":{"name":"note-show","path":"\u002Fp\u002F1b739bf224e7","hash":"","query":{},"params":{"slug":"1b739bf224e7"},"fullPath":"\u002Fp\u002F1b739bf224e7","meta":{},"from":{"name":null,"path":"\u002F","hash":"","query":{},"params":{},"fullPath":"\u002F","meta":{}}}};(function(){vars;(s=document.currentScript||document.scripts[document.scripts.length-1]).parentNode.removeChild(s);}());